保溫劑即覆(fu)蓋(gai)在(zai)鋼液(ye)面(mian)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)絕熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)材(cai)料(liao)。有(you)絕熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)型(xing)(xing)和(he)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)絕熱(re)(re)(re)型(xing)(xing)兩(liang)種(zhong)。據(ju)專家介紹根據(ju)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)場合不(bu)同，又(you)可分為(wei)(wei)鑄(zhu)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)、鋼包(bao)與(yu)中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)罐(guan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)劑(ji)；有(you)粉狀、顆粒狀或(huo)板狀。鑄(zhu)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)有(you)時(shi)(shi)稱為(wei)(wei)防縮孔(kong)(kong)劑(ji)，它的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)延(yan)緩鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)糢內頭(tou)(tou)部鋼液(ye)凝固(gu)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，改(gai)善鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)頭(tou)(tou)部縮孔(kong)(kong)形狀，有(you)利于減(jian)少(shao)(shao)冒口(kou)體積(ji)，提高(gao)(gao)鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)成(cheng)坯(pi)率(lv)(lv)。由干(gan)延(yan)緩鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)頭(tou)(tou)部凝固(gu)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，推遲(chi)了頭(tou)(tou)部結晶的(de)形成(cheng)，特(te)別是(shi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)絕熱(re)(re)(re)型(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)時(shi)(shi)，有(you)利干(gan)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)底(di)部沉積(ji)錐處的(de)偏析，從(cong)而提高(gao)(gao)鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。下面(mian)河南耐(nai)(nai)火材(cai)料(liao)廠為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)家詳解下保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)配方(fang)。絕熱(re)(re)(re)型(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)通(tong)常由耐(nai)(nai)火骨料(liao)，碳質(zhi)(zhi)材(cai)料(liao)和(he)添加一(yi)些多(duo)孔(kong)(kong)型(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)(zhi)組成(cheng)（如纖維、碳化稻殼(ke)、膨脹石(shi)墨等）要求(qiu)(qiu)在(zai)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)條件(jian)下不(bu)燒結，維持粉體，且容重(zhong)小(xiao)，氣孔(kong)(kong)率(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)，從(cong)而具有(you)顯熱(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)小(xiao)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)好的(de)特(te)點。耐(nai)(nai)火骨料(liao)除(chu)要求(qiu)(qiu)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)耐(nai)(nai)火度(du)(du)外(wai)，粒度(du)(du)大(da)(da)小(xiao)是(shi)至關重(zhong)要的(de)，粒度(du)(du)愈小(xiao)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)愈好，其保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)與(yu)耐(nai)(nai)火骨料(liao)本身導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)數幾乎關系(xi)(xi)不(bu)大(da)(da)；碳質(zhi)(zhi)耐(nai)(nai)火材(cai)料(liao)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)下導(dao)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)數低，有(you)強防輻射能(neng)力（如片狀石(shi)墨〉和(he)阻止耐(nai)(nai)火材(cai)料(liao)燒結傾向，是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)中(zhong)不(bu)能(neng)缺少(shao)(shao)的(de)材(cai)料(liao)，加入少(shao)(shao)量(liang)(liang)多(duo)孔(kong)(kong)型(xing)(xing)的(de)物質(zhi)(zhi)可以(yi)降低容重(zhong)，提高(gao)(gao)氣孔(kong)(kong)率(lv)(lv)，有(you)利于減(jian)少(shao)(shao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)吸熱(re)(re)(re)及提髙(gao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。發(fa)(fa)生反(fan)應(ying)，放出大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)熱(re)(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)，其升高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)不(bu)僅(jin)取決于鋁含量(liang)(liang)的(de)高(gao)(gao)低，粒度(du)(du)分布(bu)，還與(yu)反(fan)應(ying)速度(du)(du)及反(fan)應(ying)環境及的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)有(you)關。所以(yi)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)型(xing)(xing)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)必須(xu)包(bao)含有(you)良好絕熱(re)(re)(re)牲能(neng)的(de)耐(nai)(nai)火骨料(liao)，除(chu)此之外(wai)，在(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)時(shi)(shi)，要求(qiu)(qiu)有(you)良好的(de)鋪(pu)展性(xing)(xing)，特(te)別對(dui)于扁(bian)錠(ding)(ding)(ding)尤(you)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)要。絕熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)型(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)，在(zai)鋼錠(ding)(ding)(ding)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)時(shi)(shi)，有(you)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)了操作(zuo)方(fang)便(bian)，把保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護渣和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)劑(ji)，合而為(wei)(wei)一(yi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)。